Answer:
- The Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution defines the area of legislation between the Union and state governments through three distinct lists.
1. Union List (100 Subjects)
- Examples: Defence, atomic energy, foreign affairs, railways, banking, insurance, citizenship, currency, etc.
2. State List (61 Subjects)
- Examples: Police, public order, local govt., public health, land, agriculture, etc.
3. Concurrent List (52 Subjects)
- Examples: Criminal law, marriage and divorce, education, forests, economic and social planning.
Central Dominance…
- Centralizes control over key national areas.
- Federal supremacy over shared subjects.
Cooperative Federalism…
- State autonomy and decentralization of powers.
- Balances national interest with state flexibility.
- Supports centre-state coordination and encourages cooperative federalism.